How To

Your one-stop resource for disaster and survival preparedness.

How To

Information on first aid, water purification, and fires

First Aid

CPR Instructions

CPR steps for an adult

  1. Check for any type of responsiveness or breathing.
  2. Call 911 and get AED if possible.
  3. Place person on their back on a flat surface.
  4. Position two hands centered on the chest. Your shoulders should be directly over the hands, elbows locked.
  5. Compressions should be at least 2 inches deep with rate of 100-120 compressions per minute.
  6. Perform 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths.
  7. To perform breaths, open airway by tilting the head back, pinch the nose, and give breath that lasts about one second making the chest rise. Allow air to exit before giving next breath.
  8. Continue giving sets of 30 compressions and 2 breaths until an AED or help arrives, or obvious signs of life.

CPR steps for a child or baby

  1. Check for any type of responsiveness or breathing.
  2. Call 911 and get AED if possible.
  3. Place child on their back on a flat surface.
  4. For a child, place heel of one hand in center of chest, place other hand on top and interlace your fingers. Position shoulders directly over hands, keep arms straight. Compressions should be at least 2 inches deep with rate of 100-120 compressions per minute. For a small child, place one hand in center of chest and perform the compressions. For a baby, place both thumbs side by side on center of chest. Push down with both thumbs about 1.5 inches at rate of 100-120 compressions per minute.
  5. Perform 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths.
  6. To perform breaths, open airway by tilting the head back, pinch the nose, and give breath that lasts about one second making the chest rise. Allow air to exit before giving next breath.
  7. Continue giving sets of 30 compressions and 2 breaths until an AED or help arrives, or obvious signs of life.

Tourniquet Instructions

  1. Find and expose source of bleeding by removing clothing.
  2. Apply firm pressure to bleed.
  3. Wrap tourniquet 2-3 inches above source of bleeding.
  4. Clip two ends of tourniquet together using buckle or clasp, then pull firmly on end of strapping.
  5. Twist windlass on tourniquet to tighten until bleeding stops
  6. Secure windlass.
  7. Take note of time and continue to monitor.

Water Purification

Use cloth to filter larger debris out of water.

Bring water to a rolling boil for at least a minute to purify the water.

Starting a Fire

Find fuel such as sticks, old animal waste, flammable objects.

Uses matches, lighters, or flint if you have it. Or rub sticks together to create enough friction to start a flame and progressively add the amount of fuel to keep the fire going.